An energy storage system (ESS) is pretty much what its name implies—a system that stores energy for later use. ESSs are available in a variety of forms and sizes. Lithium-ion BESSs are ubiquitous. You no doubt (indirectly) possess one or more—in your cell phone, your laptop, and if you own an electric car, there too. The. When dealing with any form of energy and its storage, there is always some degree of risk with an associated hazard involved. With PSH, there is a risk that the. Fortunately, owners and operators of BESSs have guidance to manage these risks. The increasing popularity and use of lithium-ion battery systems has given. The first line of defense is a battery management system (BMS). The purpose of the BMS is to monitor the charge at the cell as well as the temperature during the.