Wholesale 300wh power station in Vietnam

The Ministry of Industry and Transport is the government body in charge of managing Vietnam's electricity market and supply. It does this through the wholly state-owned power company Electricity Vietnam commonly known as EVN. EVN generates some power, but also buys power from wholesalers, and sells electricity to consumers.

Vietnam's power market operates on a 30-minute trading system, with prices updated every half hour. This Full Market Price (FMP) reflects the real-time cost of power and is used to settle payments in the wholesale market. The FMP includes: System Marginal Price (SMP) – a dynamic price based on supply and demand.

Evolution of electricity generation in Vietnam. Source: IEA Vietnam's move toward a competitive power system took a big step forward with the launch of its Wholesale Electricity Market (VWEM) in 2019. In this market, state and private generators sell electricity through a centrally coordinated system.

Understanding these layered dynamics is essential for cost forecasting, risk assessment, and long-term investment planning. The Ministry of Industry and Transport is the government body in charge of managing Vietnam's electricity market and supply. It does this through the wholly state-owned power company Electricity Vietnam commonly known as EVN.

Vietnam issued a decree on Direct Power Purchase Agreements on July 3, 2024, clearing the way for businesses to buy power directly from power generators. The decree was a long time coming and has been touted as a critical component to developing Vietnam's electricity network.

In May 2025, and Vietnam's average electricity price per kWH was set at VND 2,204.07 or about US $0.084, excluding value-added tax (VAT), per Decision 599/QD-EVN. This was an increase from an average electricity price per kWH of VND 2,103.1159 or about US $0.0836, excluding value-added tax (VAT), per Decision 2699/QD-BCT, from October 2024.